Male varicocele: a common disorder, an underestimated cause of infertility

Many men have never heard of it, but varicocele is one of the most common causes of male fertility problems. Understanding what it is and how it can affect the ability to have children is important, especially for those who have been trying to conceive for a long time without success.

What is varicocele?

Varicocele is a dilation of the veins located in the scrotum, which is the sac that contains the testicles. It's a bit like having varicose veins, but in a delicate area. In most cases, it develops on the left side and can be more or less noticeable.

Often, it causes no symptoms and for this reason, can go unnoticed for years.

What is the connection with fertility?

Varicocele can alter the functioning of the testicles, affecting the production and quality of sperm. How?

• It increases the testicular temperature, and testicles do not like heat: to produce healthy sperm, they need a temperature slightly lower than the rest of the body.

• It can cause an accumulation of toxic substances (free radicals) that damage the sperm.

• It reduces oxygenated blood flow to the testicles, compromising their function.

The result? Fewer sperm, less mobility, often with abnormal shape. And all this can make it harder to achieve pregnancy, even if the man feels perfectly healthy.

Is it a common problem?

Yes. Varicocele is present in about 1 in 6 men, but among those who have difficulty conceiving, this condition is present in up to 40% of cases. It is therefore one of the most common causes of male infertility.

What can be done?

The good news is that it can be treated. When varicocele is associated with abnormal semen analysis and there are difficulties conceiving, it can be corrected with a targeted procedure, often minimally invasive. In many cases, this significantly improves the quality of the seminal fluid and increases the chances of becoming a father.

Why it's important not to ignore it

Many men discover varicocele only after years of unsuccessful attempts to conceive. A simple and non-invasive andrological examination can clarify the situation and, if necessary, indicate the right course of action. Early intervention can make a difference.