A simple check today can prevent serious problems tomorrow

The testicles are essential organs for male health: they produce sperm and hormones such as testosterone. For this reason, any change affecting them should never be ignored. Many testicular alterations are benign, but some require prompt specialist evaluation.

Changes in Size and Consistency

A testicle may appear larger, smaller, or harder than usual.

• Painless enlargement: may be related to a hydrocele or, more rarely, testicular cancer.

• Size reduction: can be a sign of testicular damage, previous inflammation, or hormonal issues.

• Hard or nodular consistency: always deserves urological assessment.

Testicular Pain

Pain can be acute or chronic.

• Sudden, severe pain: may indicate testicular torsion, a medical emergency.

• Pain associated with fever or burning during urination: often linked to infections such as orchitis or epididymitis.

• Mild but persistent pain: should not be underestimated, especially if it lasts for weeks.

Swelling and Heaviness

A feeling of scrotal heaviness or progressive swelling may be caused by:

• varicocele

• hydrocele

• inflammatory conditions
  Even in the absence of pain, these symptoms warrant medical evaluation.

Changes in the Scrotal Skin

Redness, thickening, lesions, or color changes of the scrotal skin may be related to infections, dermatitis, or, more rarely, more serious conditions. Persistent itching or ulceration should always be reported to a doctor.

Palpable Lumps or Masses

During self-examination, a hard, painless lump may be felt within the testicle.
👉 This is the most important warning sign to recognize, as it can be the first symptom of testicular cancer—a rare disease that mainly affects young men and has very high cure rates when diagnosed early.

The Importance of Self-Examination

Performing testicular self-examination once a month, preferably during a warm shower, helps men become familiar with what is normal for them and quickly identify any changes.

When to See a Urologist

A urological consultation is recommended if you notice:

• sudden or persistent pain

• swelling or enlargement

• lumps or hard areas

• constant discomfort or a feeling of heaviness

In Conclusion

The testicles send signals: changes in shape, size, or sensitivity should not be ignored. In most cases, these conditions are benign, but only a specialist evaluation can provide certainty. Prevention and early diagnosis remain the best allies of male health.